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The most beautiful places in Siena & Lucca

Sep 19 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

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Endless beaches and wide valleys, nature reserves and a few mountain ridges here and there – Tuscany is certainly one of the most diverse regions in Italy and combines scenic beauty with delicious cuisine and, of course, wonderful beach holidays. Hidden gems also provide that certain something that invites you to go on a journey of discovery and at the same time makes the exciting history and magnificent nature tangible. We are focussing on two provinces in the north and south of Tuscany, which are each home to three of the most beautiful places in Italy of the private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia”. Genius insider tips for a holiday off the beaten track await you in the provinces of Siena and Lucca.

Province of Siena

One of the most popular provinces in Tuscany for city travellers can be found in the south of Tuscany. Siena is world-famous for its historic World Heritage centre and the Palio horse race. There is another World Heritage town in the surrounding area – San Gimignano, which combines culture with world-class ice cream. Montepulciano is also worth a day trip and home to a renowned wine-growing region. And then, of course, there are the three most beautiful places in the Province of Siena you can – and should – visit while you’re in the vicinity.

Buonconvento

Around 3,000 inhabitants live in an area of 64 km² – the sprawling Buonconvento, probably of Roman origin, boasts a wealth of sights despite its expansive dimensions. Most of them are located around the 14^th century historic centre, which was originally surrounded by a thick ring of walls with equally magnificent gates, including the well-preserved Porta Senese. A large number of churches, villas and palazzi are reminders of the former wealth of the town that used to be part of the Republic of Siena for a long time. The Palazzo Podestarile with the old town tower and the much younger Palazzo Comunale, the 18^th century town hall, accompany your short tour. The later extensively restored church Chiesa dei Santi Pietro e Paolo with works by Matteo di Giovanni and Pietro di Francesco Orioli rounds off the classical side of Buonconvento, which also boasts numerous Art Nouveau villas and provides exciting contrasts.

Cetona

A castle of the Aldobrandeschi family, first documented in 1207, laid the foundations for the village of Cetona (approx. 2,800 inhabitants), which was built around it. Today, the Rocca is privately owned and has been remodelled many times and extended with residential buildings, but the old tower from the 10^th century dates back to its medieval origins. All around, the medieval structures remind you of the former conflicts between Siena and Orvieto, who fought over Cetona and other areas. The originally three rings of walls, for example, shrank considerably, while other buildings were only erected in later centuries, after the end of the conflict. The Collegiata della Santissima Trinità church in the town centre was not built in its current form until 1470 and was rebuilt in Baroque style until far into the 17^th century. Its roots, however, lie further back in the past, as frescoes discovered later show. The Chiesa di San Michele Arcangelo was also significantly extended and remodelled in the following period. An exciting mix of different eras awaits you during an exciting tour of this place.

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San Casciano dei Bagni

San Casciano dei Bagni (approx. 1,700 inhabitants) already has the baths in its name. More than 42 springs with an average temperature of 40 °C bring around 5.5 million litres of thermal water to the surface every day – the third largest amount in all of Europe. According to lore, the Etruscans and Romans already used the so-called Chiusinian Baths. Ancient coins and bronze statues were found in a 2,300-year-old bath as recently as 2022. Beyond the hot waters, San Casciano dei Bagni is primarily known for its wealth of churches. The 13^th century Collegiata dei Santi Leonardo e Cassia, remodelled and restored many times and has a campanile, is one of the most famous structures. However, the adjoining Oratorio di Sant’Antonio was later converted into a Baroque oratory. In addition, you will be enchanted by the deep blue waters of Lake San Casciano in the south of this beautiful place.

Province of Lucca

A trip to the north takes you to the Province of Lucca with the magical eponymous city of arts that borders the sea to the west and hides some enchanting beaches. Apart from the capital and the seaside resorts, this comparatively small province is pleasantly sleepy and full of insider tips. Three of them make up the most beautiful places in the Province of Lucca and reveal some surprising views.

Barga

Barga (approx. 10,000 inhabitants) is hidden in the mountains of Garfagnana. However, the most beautiful place is actually the old town centre, which is home to around 500 people and has hardly changed since it was built between the 12^th and the 14^th century. You enter the borgo via the Porto Reale gate. The old Romanesque cathedral is the first eye-catcher. Built in stages between the 11^th and the 16^th century, the façade is adorned with locally quarried Albarese limestone. Its colour changes slightly in different weather conditions. Another highlight is the former Florentine official residence Palazzo Pretorio, now home to the city museum. The Loggia dei Mercanti and Palazzo Pancrazi from the 16^th century are comparatively new and show you a somewhat different Barga.

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Castiglione di Garfagnana

Not far from Lucca, a fortress that would later establish an entire town rises up into the mountains. Castiglione di Garfagnana (approx. 1,900 inhabitants) is known for its Rocca with three cylindrical defence towers and the town wall that was built later. However, the first mention of the area is based on an 8^th century Lombard church, today’s Chiesa di San Pietro. It was of course remodelled several times in the following centuries. Three wooden statues of saints and a gilded wooden altar are among the highlights of this church. Another highlight is the Palazzo del Parlamento which surprises with its Renaissance charm and shows you a somewhat different Castiglione. You should also visit the Chiesa di San Michele with its panel painting by Giuliano di Simone da Lucca.

Coreglia Antelminelli

Coreglia Antelminelli (approx. 4,700 inhabitants) was only given the second part of its name in 1862, a reference to the Antelminelli family who ruled the region for large parts of the Middle Ages. This beautiful place remained under the control of the Republic of Lucca, who left its mark here, for almost the entire time. However, the oldest existing building in Coreglia Antelminelli dates back to the 9^th century, although the façade and the campanile of the early Romanesque San Martino church are much more recent. San Michele also has predominantly Romanesque features, with marble statues and a wooden crucifix as well as one of the oldest pulpit supports in the region. The medieval Rocca still stands impressively at the highest point of the town. A detour to the museum of plaster sculptures in Palazzo Vanni combines art scattered around the world with a magnificent clear view of the mountain ranges.

You can experience the history of Tuscany with its medieval focus in a variety of ways in the most beautiful places in the provinces of Siena and Lucca. Far away from the large tourist centres and endless beaches, you can stroll through picturesque landscapes, discover mighty castles and timeless churches, accompanied by fantastic views and lush nature. Don’t miss out on these Tuscan insider tips!

The most beautiful places in the Province of Grosseto

Aug 22 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

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The largest province in Tuscany also has the second fewest inhabitants in the entire region. With its vast, unspoilt areas and nature parks, small chains of hills and numerous islands, including Elba, the Province of Grosseto offers plenty of space and seemingly endless beaches. However, the beauty of the numerous small places around the eponymous capital is often overlooked. Seven of them are part of the private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia”, dedicated to the most beautiful places in Italy. They showcase the exciting history of Tuscany and the province as well as the diverse, almost magically scenery.

Capalbio

The first stop is in the far south of the province. Capalbio (approx. 4,000 inhabitants) was originally a gift from Charlemagne to the Roman monastery Tre Fontane in 805 and saw changing rulers (such as the Aldobrandeschi) in later centuries, who left their mark on the place that managed to retain tis medieval feel. Numerous politicians, intellectuals and celebrities chose Capalbio as a retreat for its beauty and tranquillity, which will hardly surprise you when you visit the borgo. The medieval town plan remains intact, surrounded by a thick ring of walls and numerous agricultural areas, some of which belong to the surrounding nature parks. You enter the old centre with its towers, churches and palaces via the imposing Porta Senesa main gate. The magnificent Chiesa di San Nicola with its frescoes is a must-see, as is the extensively decorated Oratorio della Provvidenza on the outskirts of the town.

Giglio Castello

We cross over to the small island of Giglio, around 50 kilometres south of Elba and 18 kilometres west of the Monte Argentario peninsula in the south-west of the Province of Grosseto. A medieval wall surrounds the main town of Giglio Castello (approx. 650 inhabitants), probably founded in the 10^th century. The Aldobrandeschi, one of the oldest noble families in the country, left their mark here. This is evident just from the name of the old fortress alone. Although it was built in the 12^th century under Pisan supervision, it is still predominantly called ‘Rocca Aldobrandesca’ today. The 14^th century Chiesa di San Pietro Apostolo, extensively renovated in later years and currently looking like an 18^th century complex, awaits you in the centre of the town. You can also discover the cellar ruins of an old Roman villa in Giglio Castello.

Montemerano

Speaking of Aldobrandeschi: Montemerano (approx. 500 inhabitants), part of the municipality of Manciano in the Maremma, was once part of the aristocratic family’s sphere of influence and hotly contested for a long time. Three rings of walls, still largely intact today, protect the town. Outside the fortifications, the enchanting 15^th century Chiesa della Madonna del Cavalluzzo awaits you. In the town centre, you can stroll through narrow alleyways and across several small squares where you can almost feel the medieval flair, skilfully complemented by various Renaissance houses. However, the undisputed highlight is the Chiesa di San Giorgio with several frescoes and paintings. One of the curiosities is the Madonna della Gattaiola. At one time, this work of art was used as a gateway to a granary and was fitted with a sort of cat door sawn into the centre of the painting.

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Pitigliano

Nestled picturesquely between two deep valleys, Pitigliano (approx. 3,600 inhabitants) was built on a tufa rock and probably dates back to Etruscan settlers. You can discover numerous reminders of this ancient culture around the place, including several publicly accessible burial sites, such as the Tomba Ildebranda, which was wrongly attributed to Ildebrando of Sovana, as well as the remains of the Poggio Buco settlement, which is best explored together with the associated museum. Pitigliano was a place of refuge for expelled and persecuted Jews in the 16^th century. The old synagogue and the Jewish quarter in the old town have recently been extensively renovated and opened to the public. Palazzo Orsini, once the only point of access through the defence system, is now home to the bishop’s residence and two museums. A stone relief on the façade of the Chiesa di San Rocco dates back to the 12th century, while the tower of the Cattedrale dei Santi Pietro e Paolo still, well, towers over the town today.

Porto Ercole

Porto Ercole (approx. 2,800 inhabitants) is the smaller of the two towns on the Monte Argentario peninsula in the south of the province. A magnificent harbour and several beaches welcome you with fantastic views. That alone would be reason enough to call Porto Ercole one of the most beautiful places in Italy, but that’s not all. Several old fortresses dominate the townscape, including – you’ve probably already guessed it – a Rocca Aldobrandesca, which was extended by the Medici in the 16^th century and given a lighthouse in the 19^th century. The three other fortresses date mainly from the era of Spanish administration in the 16^th century. Somewhat hidden behind the narrow streets and alleyways, you will finally discover the enchanting little Chiesa di Sant’Erasmo with its Baroque altar and the tombs of Spanish governors. The famous painter Caravaggio, who was found dead in the once malaria-infested swamps in 1610, is also buried here.

Santa Fiora

The year 1274 was of great significance for the Aldobrandeschi family. They split into two branches, one of which chose Santa Fiora (population approx. 2,600) as its homebase. This beautiful village in the east of the Province of Grosseto, already inhabited in the Neolithic period, is surrounded by numerous chestnut trees and divided into three neighbourhoods, the so-called “Terzieri.” The Terziere di Castello is the oldest part of Santa Fiora, where the Aldobrandeschi once resided. The remains of old fortified buildings stand tall around a medieval square. The town hall, however, is located in the Sforza family’s Palazzo Cesarini. You can even recognise the Aldobrandeschi coat of arms on the Pieve delle Sante Flora e Lucilla. Santa Fiora is also known for its abundance of churches, including the Chiesa di Sant’Agostino in the Terziere Borgo. Various wooden figures, canvas and altarpieces and gold-bronze reliquary brushes await you.

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Sovana

Do you remember the Tomba Ildebranda from the Pitigliano area? Like many other ancient archaeological sites, it is located in Sovana (approx. 400 inhabitants), part of the municipality of Sorano in the south of the Province of Grosseto. There is, for example, the Hand of Orlando at the junction towards Pitigliano, a hand-like boulder, or the Cavone hollow path criss-crossed with Etruscan traces, as well as numerous other necropolises that will take you back to days long past. This also applies to the town itself, of course with the almost obligatory Rocca Aldobrandesca in the town centre. Piazza del Pretorio is the hub of the medieval centre. Among other things, the 12^th century Palazzo Pretorio with a façade decorated with numerous coats of arms and the Chiesa di Santa Maria with an 8^th century pre-Romanesque ciborium – the only one in the whole of Tuscany – can be found here.

While one family has left its mark on many of the most beautiful places in the Province of Grosseto, there are many more beauties to discover in the south of Tuscany. The charming medieval flair, the sheer endless meadows and fields, plus inviting beaches and great views – and then there are those cosy strolls through sleepy little villages where the spirit of days long gone is skilfully made tangible. The Province of Grosseto is without doubt an insider tip, a hidden gem and at the same time the ideal opportunity to discover and explore one of the country’s most popular tourist regions in a completely different way.

The most beautiful places in Florence, Livorno & Pisa

Jul 18 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

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A stroll through Tuscany takes you from imposing mountain ridges to wide rolling hills and flat plains right by the sea. This variety of landscapes is set against a backdrop of equally diverse nature, the region’s marvellous cuisine and captivating cultural attractions. One such journey across Tuscany, from east to west, is on the itinerary today. We introduce you to some of the most beautiful places in Italy of the private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia” in the Metropolitan City of Florence and in the Provinces of Livorno and Pisa that neatly highlight the quieter yet beautiful aspects of the region.

Metropolitan City of Florence

This time we start in the north-east where the Metropolitan City of Florence borders on Emilia Romagna. Of course, you know the region primarily because of its capital: Florence with its historic centre, a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most beautiful and important cities of art and culture in the country, even throughout Europe. The most beautiful places in the Metropolitan City of Florence, on the other hand, show you that something special extends across the entire region.

Montaione

The Middle Ages left their mark on Montaione (approx. 3,600 inhabitants). The village was once a huge oval castle complex, surrounded by thick walls with eleven towers and two gates. Even though many of these structures disappeared after the Second World War, the historical structures have been preserved and harmonise wonderfully with modern street planning. Montaione offers marvellous views and even more magnificent buildings. The town’s many churches and monasteries as well as countless castles invite you on a journey through its illustrious history, crowned by a visit to the archaeological museum Museo Civico di Montaione, which reopened in 2002. There is even a Roman cistern from the 2^nd century BC to admire. You should also not miss the Convento di San Vivaldo with its Jerusalem complex consisting of 18 chapels.

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Montefioralle

This part of the municipality of Greve in Chianti has one of the best-preserved fortifications in the region. Montefioralle (approx. 100 inhabitants) and its castle first documented mention was in 1085. Some houses were even built into the old castle towers. Moreover, the noble Vespucci family once resided here, although the theory that Amerigo Vespucci was born in Montefioralle has been all but disproved. There is plenty to discover on the long circular route through the village even beyond nobility. The centrepiece is the Romanesque Chiesa di Santo Stefano, full of impressive works of art, some of which date back to the 13^th century.

Palazzo sul Senio

Few places manage to blend nature and architecture as excellently as Palazzo sul Senio (approx. 1,100 inhabitants) in the Apennines. The densely wooded area fascinatingly integrates the bright greenery and lush vegetation into the townscape. The 17^th century Chiesa dei Santi Carlo e Antonio, for example, was built directly into the green hills of the village. You can experience the origins of Palazzo sul Senio in the Chiesa di Santo Stefano. Although the church was remodelled several times in later times, its 9^th century roots remain tangible. On your tour through the town, divided by a river, you will inevitably pass the Palazzo dei Capitani, where Pope Julius II and Niccolò Machiavelli once stayed. Today, the palace houses two museums dedicated to the history and culture of the region.

San Donato in Poggio

One of Italy’s newer most beautiful places is actually part of the municipality of Barberino Tavarnelle, but has a long and illustrious history of its own. The first documented mention of San Donato in Poggio (approx. 1,000 inhabitants) can be tracked back to 989 – in connection with the imposing Romanesque Pieve di San Donato in Poggio which, among other things, houses a triptych from 1375 and a baptismal font dating from around 1513. Some of its earlier paintings are currently exhibited in the Museo Diocesano di Santo Stefano al Ponte in Florence. Other churches, palaces and shrines, including the ornate Santuario di Santa Maria delle Grazie a Pietracupa, located just outside the village, await you in San Donato in Poggio. Immerse yourself in the world of astronomy with events and guided tours at the Osservatorio Polifunzionale del Chianti, surrounded by an impressive botanical garden.

Scarperia e San Piero

This former outpost of the Republic of Florence, created in 2014 by the merger of the municipalities of San Piero a Sieve and Scarperia, is home to the Autodromo Internazionale del Mugello racetrack, where the Italian Grand Prix of the Motorcycle World Championship is held every year. Knives and coffee machines are also manufactured in Scarperia e San Piero (population approx. 7,100). All of this takes place in the heart of what at first glance appears to be a sleepy town that is actually rich in medieval churches and palaces. Many were repeatedly restored and rebuilt after severe earthquakes in 1542 and 1929, including the Prepositura dei Santi Jacopo e Filippo with its rich furnishings and magnificent paintings, and the inconspicuous Cappella della Madonna di Piazza with its late Gothic tabernacle.

Province of Livorno

From the hinterland we head towards the sea: the Province of Livorno attracts visitors from all over the country, in fact from all over the world. Cecina and Piombino not only stand out with their beaches, and the city of arts Livorno with its fortresses provides fascinating insights into days long gone. The latter also applies to the three most beautiful places in the Province of Livorno which are already waiting for you.

Campiglia Marittima

The vast municipality of Campiglia Marittima covers an area of 83 km² and extends from the Montroni Nature Park to the foothills of the Etruscan Riviera. While you can experience almost the entire range of the Province of Livorno here, we focus on the main village (approx. 380 inhabitants) with its medieval centre on a hill and steep alleyways leading through a wonderfully original village with raw façades and winding corridors. The majestic Romanesque Pieve di San Giovanni with its Sator square is characterised by its simple, clear forms. 72 coats of arms adorn the Palazzo Pretorio, now home to museums and archives, while the Rocca with its museum illustrates the development of the complex and the town. Remains of a farming settlement from the 10^th century were discovered during excavations.

Populonia

We briefly mentioned Piombino earlier. Its Frazione Populonia (population approx. 17) is without doubt one of the smallest and most beautiful places in Italy. Once the only coastal town of the Etruscans, it was the largest ancient centre for iron processing in the Mediterranean. Traces of the Romans and Etruscans await you in the huge archaeological park, including the acropolis, various workshops and blast furnaces, as well as the necropolises. In Populonia Alta, which is still inhabited today, you can stroll through medieval squares with the fascinating Santa Maria della Croce including early 16^th century frescoes. Only very few places bring together the region’s thousands of years of history quite as neatly.

©Bigstock.com/Roberto Nencini

Suvereto

While many places took deliberate steps to preserve their old townscape, it more or less happened automatically in Suvereto. The town was almost completely left to its own devices in the 17^th and 18^th centuries and almost died out due to wars, conflicts and poor air quality. Although around 3,200 inhabitants live in Suvereto today, it is a far cry from its glory days in the Middle Ages when, as a famous example, the body of Emperor Henry VII was saved from decomposition in the town and kept there for two years until the completion of Pisa Cathedral. Street names and the annual Palio are among the things commemorating this period. The ruins of the Rocca Aldobrandesca above the historic centre are a reminder of the former Pisan rule. Look forward to experience architectural gems galore, such as the beautiful cloister in the dissolved monastery of San Francesco and the magical loggia at the Palazzo Comunale town hall.

Province of Pisa

The Province of Pisa concludes this journey with the eponymous city of art of course known worldwide for its vertical challenged tower and gripping UNESCO World Heritage Site. In fact, the elongated province, which even borders the sea to the north, has a few other hidden treasures. The two most beautiful places in the Province of Pisa are already waiting for you.

Casale Marittimo

As in so many other beautiful places, Casale Marittimo (approx. 1,000 inhabitants) is steeped in history. Remains of Etruscan and Roman settlements were discovered during excavations. You can admire some of those finds in several places, such as the archaeological museum in Florence. However, the actual town centre is of medieval origin. Two town gates and various sections of wall remain from the long since demolished castle complex. They have been incorporated into the wider development of the town. The Chiesa di Sant’Andrea, on the other hand, is more recent, even if you wouldn’t necessarily realise from merely looking at it. It was built in 1873 over churches from the Middle Ages that had been destroyed in an earthquake two years earlier, using materials from their ruins. The frescoes depicting scenes from the life of Saint Andrew, on the other hand, were created in the 1980s.

Montescudaio

The eventful history of Montescudaio (approx. 1,800 inhabitants) began in the Iron Age, when the Villanova culture (and later the Etruscans) left their first traces on the hill of the village, which later became home to a Benedictine monastery. Dominated by Pisa and Florence, among others, two severe earthquakes in the 19^th century destroyed large parts of the municipality, including the aforementioned monastery and the medieval castle complex. However, old walls and the typical street layout are still a reminder of its origins. With the imposing Torre Civica, the lower part of which was built in the 12^th century, you will find further “witnesses” of that era. Santa Maria Assunta, the parish church rebuilt after the earthquakes, lures you inside with an 18^th century marble statue and a Venetian-influenced painting of the Annunciation. The view from the church square on a clear day is breathtaking.

Tuscany has seen a comparatively large increase in the number of beautiful new places in recent years, especially in these three provinces, and that is more than understandable. The metropolitan City of Florence, the Province of Livorno and the Province of Pisa certainly stand out due to their imposing capitals, yet they also offer an abundance of historical spots in the hinterland that form an unrivalled symbiosis with the similarly diverse Tuscan nature. Experience one of Italy’s most famous regions from a welcome different angle!

The most beautiful places in the Province of Arezzo

Jun 13 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

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Tuscany is one of the most popular holiday destinations in Italy. World-famous cities of culture, a magnificent hinterland and endless beaches invite you to enjoy city breaks, beach holidays and short getaways. You won’t be shocked to hear that Tuscany is home to some of the most beautiful places in Italy. Scenic beauty far away from the vast urban hotspots awaits you in the charming Province of Arezzo in the far east of Tuscany, bordering the Marche and Emilia Romagna and home to deep valleys and imposing mountain ranges. You also get to visit the six most beautiful places in the Province of Arezzo, part of the private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia” that has become synonymous with unique insider tips.

Anghiari

Whether the town’’ name comes from the particular shape of the old castle (“castrum angulare”) or the gravel (“ghaia” in Italian) on which the town centre was built remains a mystery today, but Anghiari (approx. 5,800 inhabitants) with its magnificent view of the green Valtiberina valley is always worth a visit. The former site of the Battle of Anghiari, which Leonardo da Vinci immortalised in an unfortunately lost fresco, today exudes great medieval fascination. Numerous churches accompany your walk through the municipality, including Badia di San Bartolomeo. It was probably built in the 9^th century and is considered the oldest church in Anghiari. Santa Maria delle Grazie, on the other hand, was only built in the 17^th and 18^th century, creating an exciting architectural counterpoint and is widely known for its glazed terracotta charm. The old defence walls can still be visited today. Behind them are numerous palaces and the old fortress which was extensively renovated almost 200 years ago.

Castelfranco di Sopra

The originally independent municipalities of Castelfranco di Sopra and Pian di Scò were merged to form Castelfranco Piandiscò on 1 January 2014. Still, “only” Castelfranco di Sopra (approx. 2,800 inhabitants) is one of the most beautiful places in Italy, and for good reason, of course. As soon as you enter the town, you are greeted by a huge 14^th century tower which, like most of Castelfranco di Sopra, was designed and built by architect Arnolfo di Cambio at the end of the 13^th century. Originally founded by the Republic of Florence as a military outpost, the town centre has an astonishingly uniform appearance with medieval charm, accompanied by various churches and palaces. The Chiesa di San Filippo Neri, for example, dates from later times but blends seamlessly into the architecture of Castelfranco. Just outside the town you can visit the Monastero di San Salvatore a Soffena with a church full of magnificent frescoes.

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Loro Ciuffenna

The Latin word for laurel and a small local stream gave Loro Ciuffenna (approx. 5,800 inhabitants), which was probably already inhabited in Etruscan times, its name. Situated at the foothills of Mount Pratomagno and the River Arno, you can enjoy the unique beauty of the landscape. One of its special features is the “Balze”, a kind of mixture of clay and sandstone that creates spectacular rock formations. The town itself is also well worth a visit, especially the church of Santa Maria Assunta in the town centre. Its frescoes and the panel painting by Lorenzo di Bicci on a gold background are must-see. Santa Maria Assunta, like all the other churches in Loro Ciuffenna, has distinct Romanesque features. The same goes for San Giusto with its Stations of the Cross painting cycle or the Pieve di San Pietro a Gropina, considered a Romanesque masterpiece, a national monument with basilica charm, medieval capitals and an impressive pulpit.

Lucignano

Lucignano (approx. 3,400 inhabitants) also has an illustrious history dating back to Etruscan times and even the Villanova culture, before a Roman military camp was established here and the town eventually a pawn of Arezzo, Florence and Siena in the Middle Ages. Today, Lucignano is best known for its many churches, most notably the late 14^th century Collegiata di San Michele Arcangelo, located in town centre on the former site of a triangular Roman fortified tower. Several magnificent paintings for a home here after the expansion in the 16^th and 17^th century. The imposing Museo Comunale awaits you in the town hall, the former Palazzo Pretorio. The city museum extends over four halls of the old palace. Cycles of frescoes, paintings and statues take you on a journey through Lucignano’s multifaceted history. In comparison, the old defence tower Torre delle Monache looks almost rustic, yet it, well, towers majestically over the Borgo. A short tour of the still almost completely preserved city wall with its four gates and the never-completed Fortezza Medicea defence complex is also worthwhile.

Poppi

The Casentino is one of the most beautiful mountain valleys in Tuscany, surrounded by splendid nature and situated far away from major transport routes. Here lies the insider tip Poppi (approx. 6,100 inhabitants) that, despite its remoteness, played an important role in the conflict between Arezzo and Florence in the 13^th and 14^th century as the seat of the noble Guidi family. Castello dei Conti Guidi, the castle of the aristocratic princes, can be seen from afar. Situated on a hill, the late 12^th century complex dominates the town and served as inspiration for Palazzo Vecchio in Florence. It has been renovated many times over the years and thus, is well preserved, accompanied by thick walls, a moat, a mighty tower and a library with valuable medieval manuscripts. There is even a small chapel with a cycle of frescoes by Giotto’s pupil Taddeo Gaddi. The centrally located Propositura dei Santi Marco e Lorenzo church with spectacular works by Morandini and Ligozzi and the Eremo di Camaldoli hermitage of the Camaldolese order with the church of San Salvatore, which has been rebuilt several times and is now adorned with three statues, are well worth a visit.

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Raggiolo

Many of the most beautiful Places in the province of Arezzo can look back on a long and illustrious history. The roots of Raggiolo (approx. 850 inhabitants) also reach far back into the past. The Lombards founded the municipality around the 7^th century, and a castle became the centre of activity in later years before the Republic of Florence conquered Raggiolo and completely destroyed the fortress. Nevertheless, the picturesque village in the Casentino has managed to retain its original character. Countless stone buildings, some of which merge seamlessly into one another, guide you through the centre. The 13^th century church of San Michele Arcangelo awaits you there, shining in its former splendour despite extensive later renovations. Numerous figures and canvas paintings accompany your tour of the impressive building with its expressive campanile. The history of the village is brought to life next door in the Ecomuseo della Castagna. The old mill is also part of this complex. And yet, above all, it is the unique atmosphere as you stroll through narrow, makeshift cobbled alleyways and your gaze falls on the next wooded hill that makes Raggiolo so beautiful, so special.

The medieval town centres and the magnificent, hilly to mountainous landscape all around seemingly blur together when you visit the most beautiful places in the Province of Arezzo. They are characterised by ancient conflicts, are often rich in churches and old fortifications, and combine historical charm with a special atmosphere and a wonderful sense of secrecy. This somewhat different side of Tuscany, far away from the sea and major cultural centres, allows you to experience the roots of the region first hand. Your authentic holiday in the heart of Tuscany cannot come soon enough!

The most beautiful places in Forlì-Cesena, Modena, Parma, Piacenza & Reggio Emilia

May 16 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

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The great geographical and scenic diversity of Emilia Romagna has always fascinated travellers. Big cities, sleepy little towns, mighty mountain ranges, wide coastal strips and green hilly landscapes are enough to capture the imagination of travellers. Unsurprisingly, several of the most beautiful places in Italy of the private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia” are located here. Five provinces – Forlì-Cesena, Modena, Parma, Piacenza and Reggio Emilia – feature eight such magical places that will show you a completely different side of Emilia Romagna and make your next holiday particularly unique.

Province of Forlì-Cesena

Until fairly recently, the Province of Forlì-Cesena in the south of Emilia Romagna was one of the few provinces in Italy without its own most beautiful place, which only changed in summer of 2023. Beyond the two main cities and the magical Cesenatico right on the coast, this area is characterised by a beautiful hinterland with some mountain communities that are definitely worth a visit and a little exploration tour.

Bagno di Romagna

One of Romagna’s most popular bathing and spa resorts is hidden behind large ring walls. Baths containing sodium bicarbonate and sulphur reach temperatures of 41 to 45 °C and are used by numerous thermal spas and wellness resorts as places of holistic well-being. However, Bagno di Romagna (approx. 5,600 inhabitants) has many other beautiful things to offer beyond these baths. The Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta with its seven chapels is considered a gem of Tuscan Romagna and probably dates back to the year 861. More than 70 coats of arms adorn the Palazzo del Capitano, once an important centre of power. Just outside the town you will find the Chiardovo spring, whose water is said to help with mild gastrointestinal complaints, as well as the Corzano hill with its old castle, a sanctuary and a mule track lined with bronze statues.

Province of Modena

Extending across almost the entire width of the region, the Province of Modena covers 2,690 km² and is located in the centre of Emilia Romagna, bordering Lombardy and Tuscany. In addition to the provincial capital of the same name with its beautiful World Heritage Site, another one of Italy’s most beautiful places with medieval Apennine flair awaits you in the far south.

Fiumalbo

When the Celts travelled through the region in the 4^th century BC, they also left their mark on Fiumalbo (approx. 1,200 inhabitants), as old huts, known as “casoni”, impressively demonstrate. Today, numerous medieval stone buildings shape the charm of the village surrounded by dense forests. The Tuscan-influenced Oratorio San Rocco with its frescoes welcomes you at the entrance to the village. Find several other churches in Fiumalbo, including the much-rebuilt San Michele Arcangelo with its comparatively modern belltower and San Bartolomeo Apostolo on the main square, which was completely rebuilt in 1592 and is decorated with impressive paintings.

Province of Parma

Is it really all ham and cheese? When you think of the Province of Parma, a richly laid table full of regional specialities expands in your mind. The products and recipes of this region are world-famous, not to mention the beautiful city of arts Parma. And then there are two of the most beautiful places in Italy that you should definitely visit.

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Compiano

Well-paved alleyways lead through the hilly town of Compiano (approx. 1,100 inhabitants), not far from the road connecting Emilia Romagna and Liguria. The town takes its name from an old castle of unknown origin that was inhabited until 1987 and remains in good condition. Aristocratic palaces and tower houses line your walk to the central piazza with its marvellous views. The church of San Giovanni Battista, presumably of Lombard origin, stands out with its particularly ornate interior, such as the 15^th century wooden sculpture Santo Crocifisso Miracoloso. The imposing old town hall and the courthouse with its magnificent terrace are also not to be missed.

Montechiarugolo

At over 11,000 inhabitants, Montechiarugolo is one of the largest municipalities in the Province of Parma and one of the most populous of the most beautiful places in Italy. The medieval village dates back to the 10^th century and its mighty castle is certainly one of the most interesting sites. In its present form, it was probably built in the 15^th century, but you can discover even older defence system all around. The Palazzo Civico, an important administrative and event centre, is a delight with its salons and loggia. Among the many churches, the Chiesa di San Quintino stands out, only rebuilt at the beginning of the 20^th century after old Romanesque plans (the parish church was first documented in 1230). Several monasteries and oratories invite you to take long walks – certainly one of those places where you can easily spend more than just a whole day.

Province of Piacenza

The next stop on our grand tour of Emilia Romagna takes you to the far north-west of the region. Piacenza is an exciting city in its own right, a hidden treasure in the midst of large metropolises and beautiful landscapes. Surrounded by Lombardy, Liguria and Piedmont, this little gem is home to three of the most beautiful places in Italy.

Bobbio

The centre of Bobbio (approx. 3,700 inhabitants) is where the Irish monk Columban of Luxeuil founded an abbey in 612 that was later supported by Lombard princes. The San Colombano Abbey, dissolved in 1803, used to possess great religious and cultural importance as its monumental buildings, the huge basilica with a 12^th century mosaic floor in the crypt, and the library once filled with Irish manuscripts can attest. A short detour to the Porta Nuova hamlet takes you to the charming cathedral square with its old buildings, including the 11^th century cathedral and the bishop’s palace of similar age, which was rebuilt around 400 years later. Bobbio’s landmark, however, is the Romanesque Ponte Vecchio. Although it was later rebuilt and decorated in Baroque style, its first records date back as far as 1196.

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Castell’Arquato

Sense the spirit of days long gone, neatly captured by the brick houses and cobbled streets, in every nook and cranny of Castell’Arquato (approx. 4,600 inhabitants). One of its main attractions is undoubtedly La Rocca Viscontea, built between 1342 and 1349 by order of the city of Piacenza, one of the most important fortifications in the whole of northern Italy. Inhabited by the Visconti and Sforza families, among others, you can still marvel at one of the former four towers today. The Rocca itself now mainly serves as a venue for the three major local festivals. Don’t sleep the town itself with its small churches and palaces, such as the Palazzo del Podestà with its enchanting loggia and imposing staircase.

Vigoleno

At just under 2,500 inhabitants, Vigoleno, which is actually part of Vernasca, is definitely small but beautiful. The entire village life takes place in the heart of the large castle. You never really know where the castle ends and the medieval village begins, as it is easy to get lost in the labyrinth of paths and corridors, not to mention all the renovations and modernisation work carried out during the 19^th century. You can see this special mixture as soon as you arrive. At different times of day, the light reflects on the walls creating unique atmospheres. All sorts of treasures, such as the Romanesque church of San Giorgio, the Oratorio della Beata Vergine delle Grazie with its sandstone façade and the mighty old cistern, can be found on almost every corner.

Province of Reggio Emilia

Another province in the heart of Emilia Romagna marks the end of this exciting journey. Surrounded by the Po in the north and the Apennine ridge in the south, Reggio Emilia is one of the lesser-known highlights of the region. Several small towns and villages, a variety of landscapes and the charming capital Reggio nell’Emilia provide stylish and often surprising highlights. The Province of Reggio Emilia is also home to one of the most beautiful villages in Italy.

Gualtieri

The fertile landscape of the Po Valley with its rivers, meadows and fields surrounds Gualtieri (approx. 6,700 inhabitants), best known for its Piazza Bentivoglio. Once described by art historian Cesare Brandi as one of the most beautiful squares in Italy, the old medieval village and newer Renaissance architecture come together here. Three streets meet in the piazza, providing a direct view of three of the town’s most important sights. The church Santa Maria della Neve, completed around 1600, harmonises perfectly with the porticoes of the piazza. The five pyramids above the gable were added some time later for structural reinforcement. The town tower with its octagonal lantern fulfils the classical design rules of its time. And then there is the mighty Palazzo Bentivoglio with frescoes, paintings, decorations and stucco of incredible value.

Back and forth through Emilia Romagna, to magical places, towards the coast, the mountains or the fertile plain: the most beautiful places in Italy in the provinces of Forlì-Cesena, Modena, Parma, Piacenza and Reggio Emilia are a reflection of the region’s rich history and offer real treasures that are sure to captivate you. These suggestions will surely make for an amazing next holiday!

The most beautiful places in Bologna, Ravenna & Rimini

Apr 18 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

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Several big cities and numerous villages, as well as an incredible amount of history, culture and fine cuisine highlight what makes Emilia Romagna so special. For many centuries, it consisted of two different regions. Emilia, the northern part of today’s political region, took its name from the Roman road Via Aemilia and emerged as an official name as early as the 2^nd century, while Eastern Romagna was created in the Lombard period and originally referred to the then Byzantine territory around Ravenna. The cultural and scenic diversity can also be seen and felt in the beautiful places in Italy of the private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia”. Eight such magical places await you in the Metropolitan City of Bologna and in the Provinces of Ravenna and Rimini.

Metropolitan City of Bologna

Founded as the successor to the province of the same name, the Metropolitan City of Bologna is naturally home to the eponymous capital of Emilia Romagna. For many, it is synonymous with Italian cuisine, but also with art and culture. The city has even had its own UNESCO World Heritage Site with its arcades since 2021. However, the surrounding area also has many a beauty to offer. One of the most beautiful places in Italy awaits you in the Metropolitan City of Bologna and is known far beyond the country’s borders for its impressive architecture and fascinating arts.

Dozza

Colourful paintings adorn the walls and facades in and around Dozza (approx. 6,500 inhabitants). These are the traces of the Biennale del Muro Dipinto. At this event, which takes place every two years, local and foreign artists decorate the town with their permanent paintings and frescoes, focussing on both classical motifs and modern, often somewhat grotesque concepts. Walking through Dozza today, you feel like you are in a huge open-air museum. The old churches and buildings, most of which date back to the 12^th century, punctuate this impression. The Rocca Sforzesca, which towers high above the town, is undoubtedly a major highlight. Converted from a fortress into a noble palace in later years, the good view even extends as far as Imola in fine weather.

Province of Ravenna

One of the country’s most popular art cities can be found where the Western Roman emperor had his seat in the early 5^th century until the fall of the empire. Large parts of Ravenna are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, accompanied by an almost unimaginable abundance of other magnificent places in the surrounding Province of Ravenna. Its two most beautiful places are also more than worth a visit.

Bagnara di Romagna

One of the best-preserved examples of a castrum in the whole of Emilia Romagna stands in the middle of ancient marshland. Bagnara di Romagna (approx. 2,400 inhabitants) was probably already inhabited in the middle of the 9^th century. Destroyed in a battle between Bologna/Faenza and Imola in 1222, Bagnara was rebuilt on the site of an old house of prayer. Between the 14^th and 15^th century, the Visconti came to power and developed the town into a massive defence system – a military camp or “castrum”. Huge walls still protect Bagnara di Romagna to this day. A magnificent museum with exhibits from the Bronze Age to the Middle Ages awaits you in the old castle, another Rocca Sforzesca.

Brisighella

Three huge rocks, the so-called “Tre Colli”, dominate the landscape of Brisighella (approx. 7,100 inhabitants). Even from afar, the most important sights of this village can be seen from these elevations. The bell tower, built in 1290, rebuilt in 1548 and renovated many times since then, the imposing fortifications with a museum dedicated to rural life and the Monticino sanctuary with a terracotta image of the Madonna and Child “greet” you on your way to Brisighella. You must visit Piazza Marconi in the heart of the town. Situated next to the impressive town hall Palazzo Maghinardo, the covered Via del Borgo, also known as the “donkey street”, leads through Brisighella on a slightly elevated plain. One side of the street is lined with small entrances to the ancient houses that are still inhabited, while the other, with its arched constructions, offers a view of the village life below.

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Province of Rimini

Last but not least, we head for the beach. Year after year, the Province of Rimini attracts countless visitors from all over the world who spend their holidays here, as well as many Italians who populate the long coastal strip, especially in Ferragosto. The hinterland is all too often overlooked and is home to many a treasure. Five of the most beautiful places in Italy await you in the Province of Rimini.

Montefiore Conca

Retrace the steps of ancient noble families time and time again around Rimini. This is also the case in Montefiore Conca (approx. 2,200 inhabitants), which has known many rulers but still retains the splendour of the Malatesta era. This is particularly true of the fortress, which the noble family once used as a holiday residence to receive emperors and popes. There are also several magnificent churches, such as San Paolo, Madonna di Bonora and Ospedale della Misericordia, all richly decorated with frescoes and paintings. The marvellous nature all around Montefiore Conca invites you to take short hikes and walks.

Montegridolfo

A beautiful medieval town centre with well-preserved town walls magically attracts you: Montegridolfo (approx. 1,000 inhabitants) managed to preserve its original charm as well, even though the town has been severely devastated several times. Nevertheless, Montegridolfo was rebuilt again and again during the Malatesta era, and its defences were repeatedly reinforced. The old fortifications have been lovingly restored since and today, like large parts of the village, function as a kind of huge open-air museum. The small Chiesa di San Rocco is definitely worth a visit. Look forward to breathtaking things from the Gothic-inspired portal to the numerous frescoes.

San Giovanni in Marignano

The so-called “granary of the Malatesta” is crossed by the river Ventena, surrounded by numerous cultivated fields and vineyards. However, San Giovanni in Marignano (approx. 9,400 inhabitants) is not only impressive in terms of its landscape, although the contrast with the industrial and service area on the plain is quite spectacular. An abundance of small churches awaits you in and around the fortified village of San Giovanni in Marignano. Santa Maria in Pietrafitta with the remains of a Carolingian balustrade, San Pietro with its magnificent high altar, and Santa Lucia, which rests on ancient remains, await you. In the recent past, the old defence complex was extensively renovated and now welcomes you with further insights into the Malatesta period.

San Leo

One of the most beautiful places in Italy was mentioned in Dante Aligheri’s Divine Comedy: the history of San Leo (approx. 2,800 inhabitants) can probably be traced back to a Roman military camp in the 3^rd century BC. In contrast to other villages in the province of Rimini, the Malatesta couldn’t manage to establish themselves here. Until their extinction in the early 16^th century, the Montefeltro governed of San Leo. You can see where they left their mark; for example, in the San Leo fortress, enthroned high above the old town centre on a triangular ground plan. The centre has also managed to retain its original magic with countless small palazzi and spectacular churches – the Romanesque basilica La Pieve and the yellow sandstone cathedral of San Leone.

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Verucchio

Prehistoric traces of the Villanovan culture (12 to 9^th century BC) and the Etruscans, rich amber finds and the birthplace of Malatesta da Verucchio who founded an entire dynasty: Verucchio (approx. 10,000 inhabitants) is undoubtedly a place steeped in history. Malatesta’s home, the Rocca Malatestiana, is one of the family’s largest fortresses and was extended by his successors. Verucchio’s history comes alive in the romantic Gothic parish church of San Marino, built around 990. The oldest Franciscan monastery in Romagna, the archaeological museum and the mighty 15^th century bell tower are also well worth a visit.

These most beautiful places in the Provinces of Ravenna and Rimini and the Metropolitan City of Bologna combine medieval charm with military power and magnificent art. Combined with marvellous culinary delights and fantastic landscapes for hikers and cyclists, Emilia Romagna also knows how to impress beyond its major tourist hotspots. Discover a slightly different side to this beautiful region on your next holiday!

The most beautiful places in the south of Friuli-Venezia Giulia

Mar 14 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

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While the north and centre of Friuli-Venezia Giulia are characterised by the mountainous and hilly terrain of the Southern Carnic Alps, the autonomous region in the far northeast of Italy becomes increasingly flat towards the south, criss-crossed by numerous rivers and finally facing the Adriatic Sea and the Gulf of Trieste. In this area with special rights where, for example, the Friulian language and culture are preserved, there are some well-known cities, such as Trieste and Udine, but also many hidden treasures. The private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia” is dedicated to the most beautiful places in the country, of which there are eight in the south of Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

Clauiano

Our first stop takes us to Trivignano Udinese, just 15 kilometres southeast of Udine, where the Natisone and Torre rivers meet. The most beautiful place here, however, is the Frazione Clauiano (approx. 500 inhabitants), its name probably going back to the original landowner. With its stone buildings and gravelled roads, Clauiano conveys an exciting atmosphere of country life in the past. The oldest buildings in the town centre date back to the 15^th century; Casa Gardellini with its red and white façade decoration being the oldest house. The Chiesa di San Giorgio may only have been built in its current form in the 18^th century, but its roots go back much further. A particularly beautiful baptismal font is hidden inside. Numerous villas and (agricultural) estates, such as Villa Manin, the Palladini house and the Bosco estate, accompany your walk through the place.

Cordovado

Cordovado (approx. 2,500 inhabitant) was once surrounded by a massive medieval wall. Not much might remain of the 11^th century fortifications, but you can still feel the spirit of days gone by in every corner of this fascinating place. Many of Cordovado’s most important buildings can be found around the old castle, including the elegant Renaissance palace Palazzo Agricola, the magnificently frescoed Palazzo Bozza Marubini and the monumental, three-storey Palazzo Freschi Piccolomini with its large portal. A little further out, the pilgrimage church of Madonna delle Grazie seems to literally shine – a real jewel of baroque art with a gilded ceiling and stately paintings. Speaking of stately: the mighty Palazzo Cecchini is also worth a visit.

Gradisca d’Isonzo

Four eras have left their architectural mark on Gradisca d’Isonzo (approx. 6,400 inhabitants): the Venetian rule (15^th century), Austrian rule (17^th century), Habsburg rule (19th century) and the incorporation into the Italian Republic after the First World War. A huge fort, used as a prison in Austrian times, dominates the townscape (the Slovenian word “Gradisca” means “fortified place”). The former site of frontline between Austria and Italy during the terrible Isonzo battles is now best-known as a stunning place with numerous palaces that date back to the heyday of the Eggenberg family (1647 to 1717). Even today, you can still stroll along the Venetian city walls, originally designed by Leonardo da Vinci.

Palmanova

Palmanova in the south of Friuli-Venezia Giulia is an exciting UNESCO World Heritage Site, the town with its approx. 5,400 inhabitants being part of the Venetian works of defence of the 16^th and 17^th century. Unlike many other beautiful places, Palmanova was created as a so-called planned town and originally built as a fortress to protect the Republic of Venice from the Turks. in 1593 The fortified town held out until it was conquered by Napoleon’s troops around 200 years later. Today, you enter the star-shaped Palmanova with its width-regulated streets through one of three city gates and immediately get a glimpse of Piazza Grande, the heart of the town. Several churches, the city museum and the fascinating military museum should be on your itinerary, as well as a visit to the Palazzo del Provveditore Generale, the Santo Monte de Pietà and the Palazzo del Ragionato.

Polcenigo

Situated in the lowlands on the Livenza river, Polcenigo (approx. 3,100 inhabitants) combines natural beauty with a charming village idyll. All kinds of old, narrow alleyways lead through the borgo, which was originally built around the fortress resting on a hill. However, little remains of the old castle complex after a fire, and it was converted into a Venetian villa in the mid-18^th century instead. Similar to so many other places throughout the region, all kinds of palaces accompany your tour of Polcenigo, including Palazzo Zaro, Palazzo Fullini and Palazzo Scolari-Salice. Several churches await you in throughout the place as well, including the 13^th century Chiesa di San Lorenzo, which was extensively renovated in later years, and the parish church of San Floriano on the hill with its prominent frescoes. A detour to the magnificent Gorgazzo spring is an absolute must!

Sesto al Reghena

One of the oldest monasteries in the region is located in Sesto al Reghena (approx. 6,300 inhabitants). Abbazia Santa Maria di Sesto was founded around 741 as a Benedictine monastery, and the town itself is probably of Roman origin. It is a surprisingly strongly fortified complex, originally surrounded by seven defence towers. Only one, from the 10^th or 11^th century, remains and flanks the Romanesque monastery chancery and the impressive campanile. An expressive portal and several frescoes adorn the three-nave basilica. Although the Abbazia lost importance after falling to the Republic of Venice in 1440, it remains an impressive place to visit. There are such places in Sesto al Reghena, including the small country church of San Pietro and the Venchieredo Fountain, which has been immortalised in several literary works.

Strassoldo

This tripr takes you close to the sea. Strassoldo (approx. 800 inhabitants) is part of the municipality of Cervignano del Friuli, one of the larger towns in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Medieval charm with imperial undertones reigns in one of the most beautiful places in Italy. Two castles dominate Strassoldo – the upper and lower castle (Castello di sotto and Castello di sopra), and in the former you can spend the night in the unique Radetzky Suite (Michael Karl Maria Count of Strassoldo-Graffemberg was the Austrian imperial governor of Lombardy under Governor General Radetzky) with 500-year-old parquet flooring. Of course, this comes at a price, but the castles, which were built around the year 1000, are more than impressive enough in their own right. Ancient charm and vast gardens create a captivating symbiosis, combining rustic medieval features with baroque details. The Lombard stone cross in the Chiesa di San Nicolò in town centre bears witness to Strassoldo’s long history.

Valvasone Arzene

Only established on 1 January 2015 through the merger of the previously independent municipalities of Valvasone and Arzene, numerous churches and palaces line your tour of Valvasone Arzene (approx. 2,200 inhabitants), as they do in many other of the most beautiful places in southern Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The imposing cathedral, for example, built in the mid-15^th century and financed by donations from the population and the nobility, stands in Piazza Libertà. In addition to the late 19^th century neo-Gothic façade and numerous old treasures, the only surviving 16^th century Venetian organ in the whole of Italy that is still in working order can be found here. The old 13^th century castle is currently being extensively renovated, including a small theatre. The charming Chiesa di Santi Pietro e Paolo and the elegant Palazzo Fortuni neatly round off your visit.

The many attractions of the most beautiful places in the south of Friuli-Venezia Giulia are sure to inspire you too. A multitude of churches and palaces stand in almost magical harmony with the fascinating nature of the region. Old fortifications and even a monumental planned city with World Heritage status are also on your travel itinerary. That’s several good reasons to pay a visit or two to the northeast of Italy!

The most beautiful places in Friuli Venezia Giulia, north & centre

Feb 15 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

The extreme north-east of Italy is one of the newest national territories. Friuli and the remaining part of Venezia Giulia were incorporated comparatively late and retained many a special status. As an autonomous region, it enjoys special rights that preserve, among other things, the Friulian language and culture. In addition, the centuries-long influence of the Republic of Venice and the Austrian-Slovenian borderland can be seen and felt here. Fascinating nature and a wide coastal strip also underline the magical charm of this region, which is also evident in some of the most beautiful places in the country. The private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia” skilfully highlights these, and no less than five of them can be found in the north as well as in the centre of Friuli Venezia Giulia.

Fagagna

Over the centuries, seven ancient hamlets grew together and formed a common village centre, from which Fagagna (approx. 6,000 inhabitants) emerged. Although the first documentary evidence dates back to 983, the roots of the borgo are probably Roman. We walk through Fagagna on old cobblestones, passing all kinds of quiet places and illustrious buildings. Some of them, such as the castle with the patriarchal palace as well as the former castle village, are now only ruins. The other great fortification of the region, the imposing Castello di Villalta, is privately owned and can only be visited from the outside. But even beyond these monumental buildings, one of the most beautiful places in Italy has a lot to offer. In the Cjase Cocèl Museum, a well-preserved farmhouse from the 17^th century, you can wonderfully experience the rural life of days long gone. Several palaces, such as the Palazzo della Comunità and Palazzo Pecile, are dedicated to fascinating architecture through the ages. A short tour of the seven local churches more than rounds off your visit.

Poffabro

Poffabro (approx. 200 inhabitants), a district of Frisanco in Val Colvera ever since a Napoleonic decree in 1810, now stands where once a Roman road crossed the Alps. What at first glance appears rather plain and unadorned, unfolds its very own, special aura over time. Poffabro’s rather minimalist architecture with exceedingly rough-cut stone buildings and wooden balconies even survived severe earthquakes. It is precisely this rather sober honesty of the townscape that will enchant you. Exactly the same applies to the Chiesa di San Nicolò Vescovo, which has been renovated and rebuilt many times over the centuries, with its shining white façade – relatively unspectacular and yet captivating. The interior is also modest, with only a 17^th century wooden altar and a few wooden sculptures by Giacomo Marizza. The neoclassical sanctuary Beata Vergine della Salute on the outskirts of the village also concentrates on the essentials and underlines the image of a borgo that is in inspiring harmony with its nature.

Sappada Vecchia-Plodn

There are many linguistic enclaves, especially in the Italian north. Sappada Vecchia, the highest-located village in Friuli Venezia Giulia, is also called Plodn in German (approx. 1,340 inhabitants), after the river Piave. Here, people speak a South Bavarian dialect, the so-called Plodarisch or Sappardino, which has a special status even among comparable German linguistic enclaves. The folk culture is also reflected in the appearance of the village, for example in the log architecture. Most of the buildings are made of wood, topped with shingles. Even newer houses rely on this construction method. Numerous old structures lead you through the different parts of the village. In Cottern, for example, you will find s’Krumpm, a house built at the end of the 17^th century, while Spanglar’s house in Cima Sappada, at an altitude of 1,300 m above sea level, has also managed to retain its original charm and can even be visited today. The baroque churches are also worth checking out. Elaborate, beautiful ceiling frescoes await you in both the parish church of St. Margherita as well as in the church of St. Oswald.

Toppo

This part of Travesio, also called Tòp or Tuppaz in local dialects, has been divided into two parts since the 13^th century. The river Gleria divides Toppo (approx. 400 inhabitants) into a western section around Pino and an eastern section with numerous Masi – building structures partly of medieval origin that roughly correspond to large old farm settlements. In the lush, diverse nature of Toppo, agriculture still plays a rather important role. This is demonstrated by excellent products such as the creamy, salty cheese Val Cosa, which is a must in omelettes from this region. Many of the Masi are furnished with small churches, frescoes and old wells and take you back to days long gone. Your walk through the western and eastern parts will take you to two palaces, that were once built from such farm settlements. The Palazzo dei Conti Toppo was once the result of a merger of several Masi – exactly how many and how many there actually were in total throughout Toppo is unknown today. The magnificent Palazzo Toppo-Wassermann with its 17^th century frescoes is certainly worth a visit.

Venzone

A devastating earthquake hit large parts of Friuli on 6 May 1976. Together with an aftershock about four months later, large parts of Venzone (approx. 2,200 inhabitants) were destroyed. While the municipality planned on having the village rebuilt with prefabricated building components, a citizens’ committee’s idea eventually prevailed: the rubble was put back together the way it had been before the natural disaster. Thus, you not only experience Venzone as it once was, but also marvel at the will, the diligence and the dedication of a population that simply did not want to give up its home. Large parts of the Duomo di Sant’Andrea Aposolo (Cathedral of St. Andrew the Apostle), construction of which began as early as 1300, could also be reconstructed in this way. The magnificent building with its numerous frescoes and wooden statues is one of the undisputed highlights of the borgo. Historical mummies await you in the Cappella di San Michele, accompanied by Friulian frescoes. The imposing palace on the main square with its loggia and frescoes is now home to the town hall.

Particularly beautiful places await you in the north and in the heart of the region, and they could hardly be more different. Old agricultural structures, block construction, relentlessness, massive fortifications and charming minimalism furnish the beautiful, extremely diverse Friuli Venezia Giulia. The most beautiful places in this region in Italy’s northeast are an experience in their own it, and you can be right in the middle of it all!

Evaporitic Karst and Caves of Northern Apennines

Jan 18 2024

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

Summer, sun, beach – three words that are synonymous with Italy for many holidaymakers. And then, of course, there is the rich cultural and historical heritage, accompanied by excellent cuisine. As if those weren’t enough reasons to visit countless towns and villages, there’s also … fascinating geology? A new UNESCO World Heritage Site is dedicated to precisely this field of research and presents a slightly different side of Emilia Romagna. The evaporitic karst and the caves in the Northern Apennines are dedicated to one of the best-researched karst regions in the world with particularly deep gypsum caves that lead far below the earth’s surface.

Evapo-what, kar-who?

Stone and rock dominate this World Heritage Site – so far, so good. But what is it actually all about? And what makes this region so special? There is, for example, the so-called evaporite, from the Latin “evaporo” (“to evaporate”). It is formed by a chemical reaction in sea and lake basins, in which an evaporation-induced supersaturation of dissolved minerals occurs in the dry climate. Among the most common evaporites or evaporite minerals are halite, anhydrite and gypsum.

Karst, on the other hand, describes a type of terrain that can occur underground (mostly as caves) as well as above ground. It is formed by the precipitation and weathering of various sediments with a mostly underground water supply. Karst landscapes are particularly common in the Mediterranean region, although those in Mediterranean areas, in contrast to comparable areas in Southeast Asia and southern China, have been used for agriculture since ancient times, e.g. for herding cattle. Unsurprisingly, the evaporitic karst of the Northern Apennines with its caves has always carried great intrigue and has been the subject of scientific research since the 16^th century.

The geological Northern Apennines

The new World Heritage Site combines quality and quantity, as it covers a total area of 3,600 hectares, spread over seven areas or components. Well over 900 caves over a length of more than 100 kilometres run through this area, which stretches from the south-east to the north-west of Emilia Romagna and includes the provinces of Reggio Emilia, Bologna, Rimini and Ravenna. Large cities as well as natural parks fall under this enormous site, which is also characterised by its scattered, fragmented structure. If you want to visit the entire karst of the Northern Apennines, you will need time and patience. Numerous caves, which lie up to 265 metres below the earth’s surface, are only accessible to geologists and speleologists, others offer guided tours. And yet this area is worth a closer look due to its diversity, importance and outstanding beauty.

Seven components, one World Heritage Site

The almost monumental expanse of the Apennines naturally provides the perfect backdrop for imposing rock formations and hidden caves. In the northern part of the mountain range, there are seven areas or components that together make up a World Heritage Site and reveal many a beautiful spot.

Alta Valle Secchia: Probably the largest part of this new World Heritage Site is located in the Appennino Tosco-Emiliano National Park in the far northwest of Romagna and has the largest karst expanse in the region. Here, the rock creates some bizarre and breathtakingly beautiful formations, for example around the so-called “Fontana Salsa.” This spring not far from the Secchia river is characterised by its high salt content and similarly impressive flow rate. The karst system of Monte Caldina, on the other hand, is home to the deepest evaporite cave in the world, which reaches hundreds of metres below the earth’s surface. Due to the porous gypsum rock, sinkholes are increasingly appearing in the Alta Valle Secchia – a development that is likely to continue.
Bassa Collina Reggiana: Gypsum stucco from the Bassa Collina Reggina has been regarded as an inexpensive and attractive alternative to conventional gemstones and has been used for architectural and artistic purposes since the 17^th Numerous church altars thus bear elements of this karst landscape. This area in the north of Romagna, a little closer to Modena, hides its karst treasures mainly beneath the frequently wooded surface. A mighty cave system awaits around Borzano, topped by a similarly impressive castle.
Gessi di Zola Predosa: We continue our geological journey southwards and approach Bologna. The smallest karst region in terms of surface area is characterised by astonishing diversity. Various surface forms, such as blind valleys and sinkholes with diameters of up to one kilometre, seemingly alternative with spectacular caves. However, human intervention, primarily in the mining sector, has permanently altered the karst landscape, including the enormous Michele Gortani Cave. Numerous churches, monasteries and medieval settlements are a common thread running through the area.
Gessi Bolognesi: In the nature park of (almost) the same name, just a few kilometres from Bologna, you will find this relatively temperate hilly area with many forests and fields as well as a few striking rock formations. Numerous caves and karst formations are hidden in Gessi Bolognesi – over 160 to be precise, with a combined total length of around 20 kilometres. Rare wall karst formations, which were scientifically documented as early as 1876, are hidden beneath the surface. However, the Gessi Bolognesi are primarily known for their natural beauty combining grassland and gypsum rock in an astonishingly harmonious way. Idyllic churches and partly abandoned monasteries highlight the almost mystical aura of the nature park.
Vena del Gesso Romagnola: The second largest karst area of the UNESCO World Heritage Site is located in the nature park of the same name and expands west of Imola and Faenza for over 40 kilometres. Spectacular shades of grey and silver characterise the gypsum-rich rock creating an often almost unreal shimmer that contrasts with the evergreen nature and provides the backdrop for countless hikes along narrow paths. Numerous ruins of ancient religious and military structures line your path, as do the various caves (more than 200!) and hydrogeological tunnels. Some of the oldest cave minerals in the country were found not far from the Banditi Cave, probably formed around 580,000 years ago. Various river terraces within the grottoes and caves give an approximate idea of the force of the water that forged its way through the gypsum over thousands of years.
Evaporiti di San Leo: There are two other components of this World Heritage Site not far from San Marino. There is also a lot of gypsum rock around San Leo with a huge cave, its origins probably going back many millions of years. Globally unique crystalline shapes give the cave walls a special lustre, in the truest sense of the word. Incidentally, the village of San Leo itself, situated on a huge rock, is well worth a visit and was even mentioned by Dante Aligheri in his “Divine Comedy.”
Gessi di Onferno: This last cave system is situated south of San Marino, just a few kilometres from the Rimini Riviera. A veritable network of caves with impressive alabaster stone , best admired on a guided tour, is hidden away in the Onferno nature reserve. Bizarre formations of rock and gypsum accompany numerous underground caves and tunnels. Among other things, a huge colony of bats has gathered here, which you can also find out more about. A short detour to the visitor centre with its exciting museums rounds off the tour perfectly.

This newest World Heritage Site in Italy is not only exciting for speleologists. The fascinating rock formations alone make a visit to the karst landscapes and caves of Emilia Romagna essential, not to mention the many small villages nearby, the hikes and the underground tours. With the evaporitic karst and the caves in the Northern Apennines, you will gain completely new insights into a highly exciting region – and that’s something definitely worth checking out.

The most beautiful places in Treviso & Verona

Dec 14 2023

Category: Travel Tips Author: Alexander Wagner

The Veneto region is home to some of Italy’s largest cities, is highly populous and more than just a tourist hub. At the same there, there are plenty of smaller, lesser known gems that managed to retain most of their naturalness, that whisk you away to days long gone, that capture the magically alluring gist of the Italian north at the same time. The private association “I borghi più belli d’Italia” has made it its business to give these small treasures a platform. Four of the most beautiful places in Italy await you in the Province of Treviso, another two in the Province of Verona – the ideal way to experience a slightly different Veneto.

Province of Treviso

Originally populated by the Celts, the Province of Treviso is very flat with a few hills in the north. You can find plenty of winegrowing areas here, some of which are home to the geographically protected sparkling wine prosecco and were declared UNESCO World Heritage Site. Additionally, you get to enjoy four particularly beautiful places combining viniculture with fascinating history.

Asolo

Asolo Prosecco is among the finest wines of the classic Prosecco region. The hilly scenery of this municipality (approx. 8,900 inhabitants) lends itself to growing various kinds of wine. The first settlers came here in pre-Christian times. You can even see ruins of the later Roman town Acelum, e.g. in Villa Freya. Furthermore, there are plenty of amazing buildings, such as the imposing Cathedral Santa Maria Assunta, its current appearance dating back to the 16^th century, or the Villa Scotti-Pasini with its hanging garden. 276 steps lead you to the medieval Rocca, enthroned high above the village on the summit of Monte Ricco since the 13^th century.

Cison di Valmarino

Find another bastion of Prosecco growing in Cison di Valmarino (approx. 2,400 inhabitants), first populated during the Stone Age. Situated on an important transportation route across the Alps in Roman times, it later became a defensive stronghold against barbaric attacks during the European Migration Period. Stunning forests and nature sanctuaries highlight the scenic beauty. However, a hotel serves as the de facto landmark of this place. Castle Castelbrando, originally a medieval fortification, was turned into a stately manor with a Renaissance wing in later times by the Brandolini family before becoming a tourist accommodation. The magnificent 18^th century church Santa Maria Assunta houses a remarkable altar and enchanting paintings. Don’t miss out on a walk through the districts Tovena and Mura with their old rock buildings.

Follina

Originally situated on the major Roman road Via Claudia Augusta across the Alps, Follina (approx. 3,500 inhabitants) now is another important place of Prosecco growing, stretching across hilly scenery with divine views. You must visit the 12^th century Cistercian abbey Santa Maria Sanavalle di Follina. The Romanesque cloister and the later added baroque details and works of art will wow you. Other smaller churches accompany your walk through the village, such as the late Gothic Chiesa di San Clemente or the mostly decayed Chiesa di San Tomio, its works of art and interior long stolen, sadly with very few exceptions. The watermill Lanificio Paoletti, however, is known beyond the region for its wool production. Countless renowned fashion brands use the high-quality commodities for their lines.

Portobuffolé

Portobuffolé (approx. 740 inhabitants) knew many different rulers over the course of its history, and they all left their mark. One of the key buildings is the monumental cathedral finished during the mid-16^th century, hiding several treasure behind the comparatively simple façade with its clear use of forms. Numerous paintings line the tall ceiling. The two side altars were artistically adorned as well. Portobuffolé is also the home of magnificent villas, such as Casa Gaia. Impressive façade decorations and charming frescoes make this a must-visit building. 10^th century Torre Comunale is the only tower left of the seven that used to dictate the panorama.

Province of Verona

Verona isn’t just one of Italy’s most popular tourist destinations, the World Heritage city is also home to several magical, fascinating sights. The eponymous province combines the urban core and equally alluring cultural landscapes with numerous castles, small towns and monasteries as well as the charmingly hilly nature in the north. The two most beautiful places in the Province of Verona are just as magical.

Borghetto

This district of Valeggio sul Mincio with a population of about 400 used to be a fishing village situated on both sides of the river Mincio. These days, the idyllic beauty below the Visconti bridge attracts numerous tourists who don’t just want to enjoy the neat view from the wooden bridge. The castle with its rather unusual 12^th century tower on a hill over the village certainly is a worthwhile stop. You will certainly be enchanted by Chiesa di San Marco Evangelista with its neoclassical elements creating awe-inspiring harmony with the Romanesque roots and stunningly beautiful 14^th century frescoes.

San Giorgio

San Giorgio (approx. 350 inhabitants), actually part of the municipality Sant’Ambrogio di Valpolicella, is near Lake Garda. You will be welcomed by the tremendous parish church, likely based on a 7^th century Lombard place of worship. Some structures date back to this period, like the western façade and the ciborium. The current Pieve di San Giorgio di Valpolicella, however, is of 11^th century origin and known for its numerous frescoes, such as the elaborately restored 14^th to 15^th century Last Supper. The adjacent museum welcomes you with finds from the long settlement history, prehistoric and Roman. Don’t pass on a walk across the magnificently terraced hills!

From winegrowing to monumental churches to charming narrow alleys: the most beautiful places in the provinces of Treviso and Verona live and breathe the spirit of days long gone. Standing on wine terraces, your gaze lingers on the small village centres, ostentatious castles and diverse nature with its enchanting hiking and biking trails leading you from village to the village. A slightly different Veneto already awaits you!

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